Graduate Seminar
Peace operations and post-conflict reconstruction
API 6337
Graduate School
of Public and International Affairs
University of Ottawa
Fall 2011
Office: Desmarais Building
(Room 11-121), 55 Laurier Ave. E.
Office hours: By appointment
Email: rparis@uottawa.ca
Course Description
This course examines the theory and practice of peace-making,
peacekeeping, and post-conflict reconstruction.
Topics include the history and development of peace operations,
strategies for conflict resolution, the role of NGOs in peacebuilding,
post-conflict transitional justice, economic reconstruction, and the
relationship between peacebuilding and counterinsurgency.
Requirements
|
Quiz (Sept. 15) |
10% |
|
Commentary on WDR 2011 (Nov. 10) |
10% |
|
Research paper (Dec. 1) |
30% |
|
Final exam (date TBC) |
30% |
|
Class participation |
20% |
Quiz
At the beginning of class on September 15,
students will write a short quiz on that week’s reading.
Commentary on WDR 2011
Students will analyze the World Development Report 2011 and submit a commentary on
November 10. Detailed instructions
will be provided in class.
Research Paper
Students will research and write an essay on
one aspect of post-conflict peacebuilding, comparing at least three recent
missions. Detailed instructions will be
provided in class. Date: December 1
by 4 p.m.
Final Exam
The final exam, to be held in class, will
cover the entire course (focusing on the weekly readings). Date: TBC.
Class Participation
The participation grade will be based not only on
students’ involvement in seminar discussions but also on evidence that they
have completed, and understood, the weekly readings.
Books
The following texts have been ordered by the Agora Bookstore (145 Besserer St.):
1.
Alex J. Bellamy and Paul D. Williams, Understanding Peacekeeping, 2nd edition
(Polity, 2010). Be sure to purchase the
second edition.
2.
World Development
Report 2011 (World Bank, 2011). This text is
also available online, but it is a very
long document and I recommend purchasing a bound copy.
Cheating and Plagiarism
Academic fraud – including
plagiarism, submitting work that was produced by someone else, or submitting
the same work in more than one course – may result in a failing grade for a
particular assignment, a failing grade for the course, and/or suspension for
various lengths of time or permanent expulsion from the
university. The onus is on each student
to know and comply with the university’s regulations on academic fraud.
Lateness Policy
There will be a
penalty for late submissions. Exceptions
are made only for illness or other serious situations deemed as such by the
professor. University regulations require all absences from exams and all late
submissions due to illness to be supported by a medical certificate. The
Faculty reserves the right to accept or reject the reason put forth if it is
not medical. Reasons such as travel, work and errors made while reading the
exam schedule are not usually accepted. In the event of an illness or related
complications, only the counseling service and the campus clinic (located at
100 Marie-Curie) may issue valid certificates to justify a delay or absence. Each day of late submission will result in a
penalty of 5% (weekends included). This also applies to assignments sent by
email (in which case the time of receipt of the email by the recipient
indicates the time of delivery). Please notify the professor as soon as
possible if a religious holiday or event forces your absence during an
evaluation.
Sept. 8 Introduction to the Course
“Why
the Dramatic Decline in Armed Conflict?” in Human Security Report 2005: War and
Peace in the 21st Century (Oxford Univ. Press, 2005), pp. 147-158.
Roland
Paris and Timothy D. Sisk, “Managing Contradictions: The Inherent Dilemmas of
Postwar Statebuilding,” International Peace Academy report (November 2007).
http://aix1.uottawa.ca/~rparis/IPA.pdf
Sept. 15 Peace Operations: Past and Present
Bellamy and Williams, Understanding Peacekeeping (2nd edition, 2010), pp.
13-298.
Sept. 22 Negotiating Peace in Civil Wars
Visitor: Peter Jones, Associate Professor, Graduate School of
Public and International Affairs, University of Ottawa.
Jeffrey
Pugh, “The Structure of Negotiation: Lessons from El Salvador for Contemporary
Conflict Resolution,” Negotiation Journal
25:1 (January 2009), pp. 83-105.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1571-9979.2008.00209.x/abstract
Barbara
F. Walter, “The Critical Barrier to Civil War Settlement,” International Organization 51:3 (Summer 1997), pp. 335-364.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2703607
Monica
Duffy Toft, “Ending Civil Wars: A Case for Rebel Victory?” International Security 34:4 (Spring 2010), pp. 7-36
http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/isec.2010.34.4.7
Katia
Papagianni, “Mediation, Political Engagement, and
Peacebuilding,” Global Governance
16:2 (April-June 2010), pp. 243-263.
http://journals.rienner.com/doi/abs/10.5555/ggov.2010.16.2.243
Sept. 29 Partition and Power-Sharing as Peace-Making Strategies
Chaim Kaufmann, “Possible and Impossible Solutions to Ethnic Conflict,”
International Security 20:4 (Spring
1996), pp. 136-175.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539045
Nicholas
Sambanis and Jonah Schulhofer-Wohl,
“What’s in a Line? Is Partition a Solution to Civil War?” International Security 34:2 (Fall 2009), pp. 82-118.
http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/isec.2009.34.2.82
Caroline
Hartzell and Matthew Hoddie,
“Institutionalizing Peace: Power Sharing and Post-Civil War Conflict Management,”
American Journal of Political Science
47:2 (April 2003), pp. 318-332.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/3186141
Alan J. Kuperman,
“Power-Sharing or Partition?
History’s Lessons for Keeping the Peace in Bosnia,” in M. Innes, ed., Bosnian Security After
Dayton: New Perspectives (Routledge, 2006).
[Instructor will provide an electronic copy of this
reading.]
Andreas
Mehler, “Peace and Power Sharing in Africa: A Not So
Obvious Relationship,” African Affairs
108:432 (July 2009), pp. 453-473.
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/108/432/453.short
Oct. 6 Post-Conflict Elections and Democracy
Visitor: Grant Kippen, Co-founder and Principal of the Hillbrooke Group; former Chair of Afghanistan’s Electoral
Complaints Commission.
Larry
Diamond, “Promoting Democracy in Post-Conflict and Failed States: Lessons and
Challenges,” Taiwan Journal of Democracy
2:2 (2006), pp. 93-116.
http://www.tfd.org.tw/docs/dj0202/05%20Larry%20Diamond.pdf
Dawn Brancati and Jack L. Snyder, “Time to Kill: The Impact of Election Timing and
Sequencing on Post-Conflict Stability,” unpublished paper (February 6, 2011).
http://brancati.wustl.edu/T2K_Feb62011.pdf
Benjamin
Reilly, “Political Engineering and Party Politics in Conflict-Prone Societies,”
Democratization 13:5 (November 2006),
pp. 811-827.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13510340601010719
Christoph Zürcher, “Building Democracy While Building Peace,” Journal of Democracy 22:1 (January
2011), pp. 81-95.
http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v022/22.1.zurcher.html
Oct. 13 NGO Roles in Peacebuilding
Visitor: Khalil Shariff, Chief Executive Officer of the Aga Khan Foundation
Canada
World
Bank, “Civil Society and Peacebuilding: Potential, Limitations and Critical
Factors,” World Bank Report No. 36554-GLB (December 2006).
Béatrice Pouligny, “Civil Society and
Post-Conflict Peacebuilding: Ambiguities of International Programmes Aimed at
Building ‘New’ Societies,” Security
Dialogue 36:4 (December 2005), pp. 495-510.
http://sdi.sagepub.com/content/36/4/495.short
Julien Barbara, “Nation Building and the
Role of the Private Sector as a Political Peace-builder,” Conflict, Security & Development 6:4 (December 2006), pp.
581-594.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14678800601066595
Oct. 20 “All Politics is Local”
Visitor: Katia Papagianni, Head of the
Mediation Support Programme, Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue
Séverine Autesserre, “Hobbes and the Congo:
Frames, Local Violence, and International Intervention,” International Organization 63 (Spring 2009), pp. 249-80.
http://www.columbia.edu/~sa435/IOSev.pdf
Astri
Suhrke, “The Case for a Light Footprint: The International Project in
Afghanistan,” 8th Annual Anthony Hyman Lecture, SOAS (March 17,
2010).
http://www.soas.ac.uk/cccac/events/anthonyhyman/file58420.pdf
Roger
Mac Guinty, “Indigenous Peace-Making Versus the Liberal Peace,” Cooperation and Conflict 43:2 (June 2008), pp. 139-163.
http://cac.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/43/2/139
Dorothea
Hilhorst, Ian Christoplos
and Gemma Van Der Harr, “Reconstruction ‘From Below’:
A New Magic Bullet or Shooting from the Hip?” Third World Quarterly 31:7 (2010), pp. 1107-1124.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01436597.2010.532616
Nov. 3 Transitional Justice after Conflicts
Visitor: Rachel Kerr, Research Associate, Centre for International Policy
Studies, University of Ottawa.
Pablo
de Greiff, “Transitional Justice, Security, and
Development,” background paper prepared for the World Development Report 2011 (October 2010).
http://wdr2011.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/WDR%20Background%20Paper_de%20Greiff_0.pdf
Janine
Natalya Clark, “The Three Rs: Retributive Justice,
Restorative Justice, and Reconciliation,” Contemporary
Justice Review11:4 (December 2008), pp. 331-350.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10282580802482603
Ellen
Emilie Stensrud, “New Dilemmas in Transitional
Justice: Lessons from the Mixed Courts in Sierra Leone and Cambodia,” Journal of Peace Research 46:1 (January
2009), p. 5-15.
http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/46/1/5.full.pdf
Oskar
N.T. Thoms, James Ron and Roland Paris, “State-Level Effects of Transitional
Justice: What Do We Know?” International
Journal of Transitional Justice 4:3 (November 2010), pp. 329-354.
http://ijtj.oxfordjournals.org/content/4/3/329.abstract
Nov. 10 “Securing Development” in Fragile States
Visitor: Michael Koros, Team Leader and
Senior Analyst, Policy Development Division, Canadian International Development
Agency.
World
Bank, World Development Report 2011:
Conflict, Security and Development (2011).
http://wdr2011.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/WDR2011_Full_Text.pdf
Nov. 17 Challenges of Coordination
Visitor: Barbara Martin,
Director-General, Middle East and Maghreb Bureau, and former Director-General,
Afghanistan Task Force, Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade.
Stewart Patrick and Kaysie
Brown, “Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts? Assessing ‘Whole of Government’ Approaches to Fragile States,”
Centre for Global Development Policy Brief (June 2007).
http://www.cgdev.org/doc/weakstates/Fragile_States.pdf
Roland
Paris, “Understanding the ‘Coordination Problem’ in Postwar Statebuilding,” in
Roland Paris and Timothy D. Sisk, eds., The Dilemmas
of Statebuilding: Confronting the Contradictions of Postwar Peace Operations (Routledge, 2009).
[Instructor will provide an
electronic copy of this reading.]
Alexandra Gheciu, “Divided
Partners: The Challenges of NATO-NGO
Cooperation in Peacebuilding Operations,” Global
Governance 17:1 (January-March 2011), pp. 95-113.
http://journals.rienner.com/doi/abs/10.5555/ggov.2011.17.1.95
Carolyn McAskie, “2020 Vision: Visioning the Future of the
United Nations Peacebuilding Architecture,” Centre for International Policy
Studies, University of Ottawa, and Norwegian Institute of International Affairs
(2010).
http://www.socialsciences.uottawa.ca/cepi-cips/eng/documents/McAskie.pdf
Nov. 24 Peacebuilding and Counterinsurgency
Visitor: Major-General Jonathan Vance, Director of Staff,
Strategic Joint Staff, Canadian Forces; former Commander, Task Force Kandahar.
Eliot
Cohen, Conrad Crane, Jan Horvath and John Nagl,
“Principles, Imperatives, and Paradoxes of Counterinsurgency,” Military Review 86:2 (May-June 2006),
pp. 49-53.
http://smallwarsjournal.com/documents/milreviewmarch5.pdf
Carl
Forsberg, “Counterinsurgency in Kandahar: Evaluating the 2010 Hamkari Campaign,” Institute for the Study of War Afghanistan
Report #7 (December 15, 2010).
http://www.understandingwar.org/files/Afghanistan%20Report%207_16Dec.pdf
Karsten Friis, “Peacekeeping and Counter-insurgency: Two of a
Kind?” International Peacekeeping
17:1 (February 2010), pp. 49-66.
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a920494829
David
H. Ucko, “Peace-building after Afghanistan: Between
Promise and Peril,” Contemporary Security
Policy 31:3 (December 2010), pp. 465-485.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13523260.2010.521697
Dec. 1 Evaluating Outcomes
Michael
Doyle and Nicholas Sambanis, “International
Peacebuilding: A Theoretical and Quantitative Analysis," American Political Science Review 94:4
(December 2000), pp. 779-802.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2586208
Håvard Hegre, Lisa Hultman
and Håvard Mokleiv Nygård, “Evaluating the Conflict-Reducing Effect of UN
Peacekeeping Operations,” paper presented to the SGIR 7th Pan-European
International Relations Conference (September 2010).
http://stockholm.sgir.eu/uploads/PKO_prediction_SGIR.pdf
Lisa
Bornstein, “Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment (PCIA) in Community Development:
A Case Study from Mozambique,” Evaluation
16:2 April 2010), pp. 165-176.
http://evi.sagepub.com/content/16/2/165.abstract
Andrew
Blum, “Improving Peacebuilding Evaluation: A Whole-of-Field Approach,” United
States Institute of Peace Special Report 280 (June 2011).
http://www.usip.org/files/resources/Improving_Peacebuilding_Evaluation.pdf
Roland
Paris, “Saving Liberal Peacebuilding,” Review
of International Studies 36:2 (April 2010), pp. 337-365.
http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0260210510000057
The final exam will be held during the exam period.