Graduate Seminar
Peace operations
and post-conflict reconstruction
API 6337
Graduate
School of Public and International Affairs
University
of Ottawa
Winter
2020
Office:
FSS 6053
Office
hours: By appointment
Email: rparis@uottawa.ca
Course Description
Concepts and practice of
peacekeeping, peace-making and post-conflict reconstruction. Topics include the
history and development of peace operations, early warning and conflict
prevention, gender and peace operations, the role of military and civilian
actors in peace operations, and the rehabilitation of countries after civil
war.
Requirements
|
Midterm exam (February 14) |
25% |
|
Essay (due: March 16, 12 noon) |
25% |
|
Final exam (during the exam period) |
35% |
|
Participation |
15% |
Midterm Exam
The midterm exam will cover all the course material up
to the date of the exam. Duration: 2 hours.
Essay
You will write an essay examining the successes and shortcomings
of one peace operation. Assignment details will be
provided in class. Due date: March 16 at
12 noon. (See lateness policy, below.)
Final exam
The final exam will cover the entire course. Duration: 3 hours.
You must write the final exam to pass the course.
Participation
The participation
grade in this course is significant. It will be based not only on your
involvement in seminar discussions, but also on evidence that you have
completed and understood the weekly readings.
Readings
Click on the links in the course
schedule, below. To access subscriber-only material, you may either:
(1) connect to the library website from a University of Ottawa-networked
computer, or (2) follow these instructions for off-campus access: http://www.biblio.uottawa.ca/html/Page?node=get-access&lang=en
Cheating and
Plagiarism
Academic fraud – including plagiarism, submitting work that
was produced by someone else, or submitting the same work in more than one
course – may result in a failing grade for a particular assignment, a failing
grade for the course, and/or suspension for various lengths of time or
permanent expulsion
from the university. The onus is on each student to know and comply with the
university’s regulations on academic fraud.
Lateness
Policy
There will be a penalty for late
submissions. Exceptions are made only for illness or other serious situations
deemed as such by the professor. University regulations require all absences
from exams and all late submissions due to illness to be supported by a medical
certificate. The Faculty reserves the right to accept or reject the reason put
forth if it is not medical. Reasons such as travel, work and errors made while
reading the exam schedule are not usually accepted. In the event of an illness
or related complications, only the counseling service and the campus clinic
(located at 100 Marie-Curie) may issue valid certificates to justify a delay or
absence. Each day of late submission
will result in a penalty of 5% (weekends included). This also applies to assignments sent by email (time of receipt
of the email indicates the time of delivery). Please notify the professor as
soon as possible if a religious holiday or event forces your absence during an
evaluation.
Mental Health
and Wellness
The University of Ottawa is committed to the wellbeing of its
students and to ensuring that every student can experience good mental health
in order to complete their work and participate fully in university life. For
more information, visit http://sass.uottawa.ca/en/personal/services/mental-health-wellness,
Sexual
Violence
The
University of Ottawa does not tolerate any form of sexual violence. Sexual
violence refers to any act of a sexual nature committed without consent, such
as rape, sexual harassment or online harassment. The University, as well as
student and employee associations, offers a full range of resources and
services allowing members of our community to receive information and
confidential assistance and providing for a procedure to report an incident or
make a complaint. For more information, visit www.uOttawa.ca/sexual-violence-support-and-prevention.
I. INTRODUCTION
Jan. 10 What is Peace?
Richard Caplan, “Conceptualizing Peace,” in Richard
Caplan, Measuring Peace: Principles,
Practices, and Politics (Oxford University Press, 2019).
Jan. 17 Origins
and Development of Peace Operations
Norrie Macqueen, “Peacekeeping before the UN: the
inter-war years,“ in Norrie Macqueen, Peacekeeping and the International System
(Taylor and Francis, 2006), chapter 2.
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781134260935/chapters/10.4324/9780203306116-9
Marrack Goulding, “The Evolution of United
Nations Peacekeeping,” International Affairs 69:3 (July 1993),
excerpt.
http://aix1.uottawa.ca/~rparis/Goulding_excerpt.pdf
Roland Paris, At War’s End: Building Peace
after Civil Conflict (Cambridge University Press, 2004), pp. 13-51.
http://aix1.uottawa.ca/~rparis/Paris2004.pdf
Richard Gowan, “Peace Operations,” in Thomas G. Weiss
and Sam Daws, eds., Oxford Handbook on
the United Nations, 2nd edn. (Oxford University Press, 2018). https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803164.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780198803164-e-23
II. THEMES
Jan. 24 Early
Warning and Conflict Prevention
Laurie Nathan, Adam Day, João
Honwana and Rebecca Brubaker, “Capturing UN
Preventive Diplomacy Success: How and Why Does It Work?” Policy Paper, United
Nations University (April 2018).
http://aix1.uottawa.ca/~rparis/preventive.pdf
Gerrit Kurtz and Christoph O. Meyer, “Is
conflict prevention a science, craft, or art? Moving beyond technocracy and
wishful thinking,” Global Affairs 5:1
(2019), pp. 23-39.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23340460.2018.1533387
Charles T. Call and Susanna P. Campbell, “Is
Prevention the Answer?” Daedalus 147:1
(2018), pp. 64-77.
https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/full/10.1162/DAED_a_00474
I. William Zartman, I William Zartman: A Pioneer in Conflict Management and Area Studies,
Essays on Contention and Governance (Springer, 2019), pp. 257-265
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-06079-4_14
Skim examples of early
warning methods:
Hegre, Håvard et al. “ViEWS: A
Political Violence Early-Warning System,” Journal
of Peace Research 56:2 (March 2019), pp. 155-74.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0022343319823860
Fragile States Index
https://fragilestatesindex.org/
Early Warning Project
https://www.earlywarningproject.org/about
https://www.earlywarningproject.org/map
Jan. 31 Protection
of Civilians and the ‘Responsibility to Protect’
Emily Paddon Rhoads and Jennifer Welsh, “Close cousins in
protection: the evolution of two norms,” International
Affairs 95:3 (May 2019), pp. 597-617.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz054
United Nations Department of Peace Operations, “The
Protection of Civilians in United Nations Peacekeeping,” policy guidance
(November 2019), read pp. 1-20
Ingvild Bode and John Karlsrud,
“Implementation in Practice: The Use of Force to Protect Civilians in United
Nations Peacekeeping,” European
Journal of International Relations 25:2 (June 2019), pp. 458-485.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1354066118796540
Roland Paris, “The ‘Responsibility to Protect’ and the
Structural Problems of Preventive Humanitarian Intervention,” International
Peacekeeping 21:5 (2014), pp. 569-603.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13533312.2014.963322
Feb. 7 Hostile
Environments and Peace Enforcement
Alex J. Bellamy and Charles T. Hunt, “Twenty-First
Century UN Peace Operations: Protection, Force and the Changing Security
Environment,” International Affairs 91:6 (November 2015), pp.
1277-1298.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-2346.12456/abstract
Timo Smit, “Multilateral Peace Operations and the Challenges
of Terrorism and Violent Extremism,” SIPRI Background Paper, Stockholm
International Peace Research Institute (November 2017).
https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2017-11/sipribp1711.pdf
Mateja Peter, “Between
Doctrine and Practice: The UN Peacekeeping Dilemma,” Global Governance 21:3 (July-Sept. 2015), pp. 351-370.
http://journals.rienner.com/doi/abs/10.5555/1075-2846-21.3.351
Louise Riis Andersen,
“The HIPPO in the room: the pragmatic push-back from the UN peace bureaucracy
against the militarization of UN peacekeeping,” International Affairs 94:2 (March 2018), pp. 343-361.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iix239
Feb. 14 Midterm
Exam
Feb. 21 No
Meeting (University Break)
Feb. 28 Post-Conflict
Peacebuilding
Roland Paris, “Peacebuilding,” in Sam Dawes and Thomas
G. Weiss, eds., The Oxford Handbook on
the United Nations, 2nd ed. (Oxford University Press, 2018).
Barbara F. Walter, “Why Bad Governance Leads to Repeat
Civil War,” Journal of Conflict
Resolution 59:7 (2014) pp. 1242-1272.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0022002714528006
Naazneen H. Barma,
“International Intervention and Elite Incentives,” in Naazneen
H. Barma, The Peacebuilding
Puzzle: Political Order in Post-Conflict States (Cambridge University
Press, 2016), pp. 107-151.
https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316718513.005
Séverine Autesserre,
“Hobbes and the Congo: Frames, Local Violence, and International
Intervention,” International
Organization 63:2 (April 2009), pp. 249-280.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818309090080
March 6 Gender
and Peace Operations
United Nations Development Fund for Women, “Security
Council Resolution 1325: Annotated and Explained”
http://www.peacewomen.org/assets/file/BasicWPSDocs/annotated_1325.pdf
Anne-Kathrin Kreft, “The Gender Mainstreaming Gap: Security Council
Resolution 1325 and UN Peacekeeping Mandates,” International
Peacekeeping 24:1 (2017), pp. 132-158.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13533312.2016.1195267
Jeni Whalan, “Dealing with Disgrace: Addressing Sexual
Exploitation and Abuse in UN Peacekeeping,” Providing for Peacekeeping no. 15,
International Peace Institute (August 2017).
https://www.ipinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/IPI-Rpt-Dealing-with-Disgrace2.pdf
Karin Johansson and
Lisa Hultman, “UN Peacekeeping and Protection from
Sexual Violence,” Journal of Conflict
Resolution 63:7 (August 2019), pp. 1656-1681.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0022002718785003
Skim policy
statements:
“Canada's National
Action Plan 2017-2022 – For the Implementation of the UN Security Council
Resolutions on Women, Peace and Security” (2017)
http://international.gc.ca/world-monde/assets/pdfs/cnap-eng.pdf
“Canada Bolsters
Peacekeeping and Civilian Protection Measures” (2017)
https://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/11/15/canada-bolsters-peacekeeping-and-civilian-protection-measures
“The Elsie Initiative
on Women in Peace Operations” (2017)
https://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/11/15/elsie-initiative-women-peace-operations
March 13 The Future of
Peace Operations
Paul D. Williams, “The
Security Council's Peacekeeping Trilemma,” International
Affairs, published online in advance of print, November 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz199
Richard Caplan,
“Peacekeeping in Turbulent Times,” International
Peacekeeping 26:5 (2019), pp. 527-530.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13533312.2019.1677284
Cedric de Coning,
“Adaptive Peacebuilding,” International
Affairs 94:2 (March 2018), pp. 301-317.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iix251
Roland Paris, “The
Waning of Liberal Peacebuilding and the Future of Collective Conflict
Management” (draft paper).
III. STUDENT PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS
March 20 Bosnia
Daniel Serwer, From War to Peace in the Balkans, the Middle East
and Ukraine (Palgrave, 2019), chapter 3.
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-030-02173-3_3.pdf
Student papers.
March 27 Democratic
Republic of Congo
Jean-Marie Guéhenno, The Fog of Peace: A
Memoir of International Peacekeeping in the 21st Century (Brookings Institutions,
2015).
Chapter 5: “Democratic
Republic of the Congo: The Limits of the Use of Force”
Chapter 6: “Democratic
Republic of the Congo: Was It Worth It?”
https://muse.jhu.edu/book/39934
Denis M. Tull, “The Limits and Unintended Consequences of UN Peace
Enforcement: The Force Intervention Brigade in the DR Congo,” International Peacekeeping 25:2 (2018),
pp. 167-190.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13533312.2017.1360139
International Crisis
Group, “A New Approach for the UN to Stabilize the DR Congo,” Dec. 4, 2019.
https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/b148-a-new-approach-for-the-un.pdf
Student papers.
April 3 Mali
Hennie Strydom, “Mali and the Sahel: Making Peace in Another Rough Neighbourhood,” Netherlands International Law Review
66:1 (April 2019), pp. 75-99.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40802-019-00134-6
Chiara Ruffa, Sebastiaan Rietjens and Emma Nygren, “Resilience
and Conflict Resolution: UN Peacekeeping in Mali,” in Eugenio Cusumano and Stefan Hofmaier,
eds., Projecting Resilience Across the
Mediterranean (Palgrave, 2020), pp. 189-203.
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-23641-0_10
Jaïr van der Lijn, “The UN Peace
Operation in Mali: A Troubled Yet Needed Mission,” International Peace
Institute, Nov. 26, 2019.
https://theglobalobservatory.org/2019/11/un-peace-operation-mali-troubled-yet-needed-mission/
Documentary shown in
class.
Final
exam date and location: To be confirmed.